Financial Autonomy of Women in Punjab

Author(s)

Inderbeer Kaur Aulakh and Rajni Saluja

Affiliations

1. Assistant Professor, Khalsa College, Patiala (Punjab)
2. Assistant Professor, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh, Amloh (Punjab)

Abstract

The status of women in the society began to fall since the end of the 18th century because of our societal and family pressures. Education and financial status of women become so weak that they could not even think of their independent career. Economic prosperity is not a sign of social progress for women in Punjab. Another significant characteristic of the status of women in the state is the absence of a homogeneous social, cultural and economic structure that makes any generalizations of women impossible. Despite tall claims of women empowerment, females are less educated than men. There is a need of change of our attitude without which we cannot improve the condition of women. Modern urban working women share equal responsibilities with men but whether they are provided equal rights with men. The question arises whether women have equal say in the process of decision making at household level and in case of other investment decisions. The present study aims to find out autonomy for financial decision making among urban working women of Punjab. The study will also examine investment behavior and risk aversion between genders.

Keywords

Financial Autonomy, Women Investor, Risk.

References

1. Bahl, Sarita (2012),” Investment Behavior of working Women of Punjab”.A Journal of Economics and Management,1(6),ISSN 2278- 0629
2. Bernasek Alexandra, Bajtelsmit L. Vickie (2002), “ Predictors of Women’s Involvement In Household Financial Decision-Making”. The Journal of the Association of Financial Counselling and Planning Education, 13(1)
3. Barber, B.M, and T. Odean ( 2001), “ Boys will be Boys : Gender, Overconfidence And Common Stock Investment,” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 261-292
4. Byrnes, James P; Miller, David C; Schafer, William D (1999), “ Gender Differences in Risk Taking”. Psychological Bulletin, 125(3) 367- 383.
5. Gaur Arti, Julee, Suhihja Sunita (2011), “ Difference in Gender Attitude in Investment Decision Making in India”. Research Journal of Finance And Accounting, 2,ISSN 2222-1697
6. Gupta, Shakuntal (2011), “ Women Participation in Household Decision-Making in Punjab”. International Conference on mainstreaming Gender: Issues And Challenges; Abstracts, Leonard Printers, Punjab.
7. James Hall (2012), “Women Are Key Decision Makers in the Home” Consumers Affair Editor 3:08 PM GMT .
8. Kimmis Jenny (2003), “Women in Economic and Financial Decision-Making: A Study on the Barriers to Career Progression”. Institute of Development Studies, UK.
9. Kumar, Mahesh and Kumar, Vinod (2011), “Empowering Indian working Women through Financial Literacy” .International Conference on mainstreaming Gender: Issues and Challenges; Abstracts, Leonard Printers, Punjab.
10. Kaur Manpreet (2012),“A Study of Women Participation in Household Decision-making,” International Referred Research Journal, ISSN- 0975-3486
11. Kaur Varinder and Siwach Raj (2014), “Women Empowerment In Punjab: A Study of Malwa Region” . Indian Journal Of Public Administration, 3
12. Manser, M & Brown, M (1990), “ Marriage And Household Decision –Making : A bargaining Analysis”. International Economic Review, 21, 31-40
13. Nagiach Sangeeta, (2011), “Women Empowered Or Disempowered: Scenario in Punjab”. International Journal of Research in Commerce And Management, 2(11), ISSN 0976-2183
14. Rezapour Zahra, Ansari Hamid (2014), “ Studying The Factors Associated With Women’s Participation in Family Decision –Making”. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 4(1):553-556.
15. Sundan, A.E & Surette B.J (1998),“ Gender Differences in the Allocation of Assets in Retirement Saving Plans”. American Economic Review, 88(2), 207-211.
16. Schubert Renate et al. (1999), “Financial decision-making: Are women really More Risk- Averse”, The American Economic Review, 89(2).
17. Sultane AM (2011),“Factors Effect on Women Autonomy and Decision-making Power within the Household in Rural Communities”. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 7, 18-22
18. Sharma Anupam, Joshi Bhavesh(2015),“Women Economic Empowerment and Financial Decisions: Observations and Perceptions”. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 5(1), ISSN -2249-555X.
19. Vasagadekar Priya (2014),“ Investment Awareness among Indian Working Women With Reference to Pune Region ”. International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research, 5(6), 4, ISSN 2229-5518.
20. Wood Andrew, Downer Kate, Lees Becky and Toberman Annalise (2012), “Household Financial Decision Making: Qualitative Research with Couples”. RS Consulting Group, Department for Works and Pensions.
21. ‘Empowering Indian Working Women through Financial Literacy’ (online) available at http:// wscpedia.org [Assessed Dec 2014]
22. Women are the Key Decision-Makers in the Home (online) available at http:// www. telegraph.co.uk [Assessed Feb 2015]
23. Financial Experience and Behaviors Among Women (online) available at http:// Error! Hyperlink reference not valid. Dec 2014]
24. The Financial Judgement and Decision Making Process of Women: The Role of Negative Feelings (online) Abstract available at http:/ssrn. com/abstract=1155822.